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Use DEBIT with hypothetical group sizes

Source: R/debit-map-total-n.R
debit_map_total_n.Rd

debit_map_total_n() extends DEBIT to cases where only group means and standard deviations (SDs) were reported, not group sizes.

The function is analogous to grim_map_total_n() and grimmer_map_total_n(), relying on the same infrastructure.

Usage

debit_map_total_n(
  data,
  x1 = NULL,
  x2 = NULL,
  sd1 = NULL,
  sd2 = NULL,
  dispersion = 0:5,
  n_min = 1L,
  n_max = NULL,
  constant = NULL,
  constant_index = NULL,
  ...
)

Arguments

data

Data frame with string columns x1, x2, sd1, and sd2, as well as numeric column n. The first two are reported group means. sd1 and sd2 are reported group SDs. n is the reported total sample size. It is not very important whether a value is in x1 or in x2 because, after the first round of tests, the function switches roles between x1 and x2, and reports the outcomes both ways. The same applies to sd1 and sd2. However, do make sure the x* and sd* values are paired accurately, as reported.

x1, x2, sd1, sd2

Optionally, specify these arguments as column names in data.

dispersion

Numeric. Steps up and down from half the n values. Default is 0:5, i.e., half n itself followed by five steps up and down.

n_min

Numeric. Minimal group size. Default is 1.

n_max

Numeric. Maximal group size. Default is NULL, i.e., no maximum.

constant

Optionally, add a length-2 vector or a list of length-2 vectors (such as a data frame with exactly two rows) to accompany the pairs of dispersed values. Default is NULL, i.e., no constant values.

constant_index

Integer (length 1). Index of constant or the first constant column in the output tibble. If NULL (the default), constant will go to the right of n_change.

...

Arguments passed down to debit_map().

Value

A tibble with these columns:

  • x and sd, the group-wise reported input statistics, are repeated in row pairs.

  • n is dispersed from half the input n, with n_change tracking the differences.

  • both_consistent flags scenarios where both reported x and sd values are consistent with the hypothetical n values.

  • case corresponds to the row numbers of the input data frame.

  • dir is "forth" in the first half of rows and "back" in the second half. "forth" means that x2 and sd2 from the input are paired with the larger dispersed n, whereas "back" means that x1 and sd1 are paired with the larger dispersed n.

  • Other columns from debit_map() are preserved.

Summaries with audit_total_n()

You can call audit_total_n() following up on debit_map_total_n() to get a tibble with summary statistics. It will have these columns:

  • x1, x2, sd1, sd2, and n are the original inputs.

  • hits_total is the number of scenarios in which all of x1, x2, sd1, and sd2 are DEBIT-consistent. It is the sum of hits_forth and hits_back below.

  • hits_forth is the number of both-consistent cases that result from pairing x2 and sd2 with the larger dispersed n value.

  • hits_back is the same, except x1 and sd1 are paired with the larger dispersed n value.

  • scenarios_total is the total number of test scenarios, whether or not both x1 and sd1 as well as x2 and sd2 are DEBIT-consistent.

  • hit_rate is the ratio of hits_total to scenarios_total.

Call audit() following audit_total_n() to summarize results even further.

References

Bauer, P. J., & Francis, G. (2021). Expression of Concern: Is It Light or Dark? Recalling Moral Behavior Changes Perception of Brightness. Psychological Science, 32(12), 2042–2043. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/09567976211058727

Heathers, J. A. J., & Brown, N. J. L. (2019). DEBIT: A Simple Consistency Test For Binary Data. https://osf.io/5vb3u/.

See also

function_map_total_n(), which created the present function using debit_map().

Examples

# Run `debit_map_total_n()` on data like these:
df <- tibble::tribble(
  ~x1,  ~x2,  ~sd1,  ~sd2,  ~n,
  "0.30", "0.28", "0.17", "0.10", 70,
  "0.41", "0.39", "0.09", "0.15", 65
)
df
#> # A tibble: 2 × 5
#>   x1    x2    sd1   sd2       n
#>   <chr> <chr> <chr> <chr> <dbl>
#> 1 0.30  0.28  0.17  0.10     70
#> 2 0.41  0.39  0.09  0.15     65

debit_map_total_n(df)
#> # A tibble: 48 × 15
#>    x     sd        n n_change consistency both_consistent rounding   sd_lower
#>    <chr> <chr> <int>    <int> <lgl>       <lgl>           <chr>         <dbl>
#>  1 0.30  0.17     35        0 FALSE       FALSE           up_or_down    0.165
#>  2 0.28  0.10     35        0 FALSE       FALSE           up_or_down    0.095
#>  3 0.30  0.17     34       -1 FALSE       FALSE           up_or_down    0.165
#>  4 0.28  0.10     36        1 FALSE       FALSE           up_or_down    0.095
#>  5 0.30  0.17     33       -2 FALSE       FALSE           up_or_down    0.165
#>  6 0.28  0.10     37        2 FALSE       FALSE           up_or_down    0.095
#>  7 0.30  0.17     32       -3 FALSE       FALSE           up_or_down    0.165
#>  8 0.28  0.10     38        3 FALSE       FALSE           up_or_down    0.095
#>  9 0.30  0.17     31       -4 FALSE       FALSE           up_or_down    0.165
#> 10 0.28  0.10     39        4 FALSE       FALSE           up_or_down    0.095
#> # ℹ 38 more rows
#> # ℹ 7 more variables: sd_incl_lower <lgl>, sd_upper <dbl>, sd_incl_upper <lgl>,
#> #   x_lower <dbl>, x_upper <dbl>, case <int>, dir <fct>